The method of claim 13, wherein the tyrosine derivative comprises tyrosine methyl ester or tyrosine ethyl ester.ġ6. The method of claim 13, wherein the composition comprises up to 10 mM of the additive.ġ5. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a tyrosine derivative.ġ4. The method of claim 10, wherein the light source emits visible light and the gel is formed within ten seconds when the photoinitiator is activated with the visible light.ġ3. The method of claim 10, wherein the light source emits UV light and the gel is formed within five seconds when illuminated with the UV light.ġ2. The method of claim 1, wherein the light source emits UV light or visible light.ġ1. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a physiological buffer.ġ0. The method of claim 1, wherein a concentration of the photoinitiator within the composition ranges from about 0.1 mM to about 100 mM.ĩ. The method of claim 1, wherein the gel is formed on tissue of a gastrointestinal tract of a subject during a medical procedure.Ĩ. The method of claim 1, wherein the macromer represents a total of about 5-15 wt % of the composition, in relation to a total weight of the composition wherein the crosslinking agent represents a total of about 5-10 wt % of the composition, in relation to a total weight of the composition or wherein the macromer represents a total of about 5-15 wt % of the composition and the crosslinking agent represents a total of about 5-10 wt % of the composition, in relation to a total weight of the composition.ħ. The method of claim 1, wherein a molar ratio between the at least one first functional moiety and the at least one second functional moiety ranges from 1:1 to 2:1.Ħ. The method of claim 1, wherein the macromer, the crosslinking agent, and the photoinitiator represent a total of about 10-25 wt % of the composition, in relation to a total weight of the composition.ĥ. The method of claim 2, wherein one of the at least one first functional moiety or the at least one second functional moiety comprises a vinyl group, an allyl group, an acrylate group, or a norbornene group, and the other of the at least one first functional moiety or the at least one second functional moiety comprises a thiol group.Ĥ. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first functional moiety comprises a thiol group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, an acrylate group, or a norbornene group, and wherein the at least one second functional moiety comprises a thiol group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, an acrylate group, or a norbornene group, the at least one first functional moiety being different from the at least one second functional moiety.ģ. A method of forming a gel, the method comprising: preparing a composition by combining: a macromer comprising a first polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based polymer, a poly(ethylenimine)-based polymer, or a poly(1,2-glycerol) carbonate-based polymer, the macromer including at least one first functional moiety a crosslinking agent comprising a second PEG-based polymer that includes at least one second functional moiety and a photoinitiator and activating the photoinitiator via a light source to form the gel, wherein the gel is biocompatible.Ģ.
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